# R3 | meta/muse-spark-1.1 | run 1

## Prompt

Who was awarded the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics, and for what? Cite your sources.

## Response

The 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics laureates and citations are published — I'll pull the official award details with sources.

The 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to three laureates for their discoveries about black holes.

## Laureates

**Roger Penrose** - University of Oxford, UK
- Awarded one half of the prize
- *“for the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity”*

**Reinhard Genzel** - Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany and University of California, Berkeley, USA
**Andrea Ghez** - University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- Awarded the other half jointly
- *“for the discovery of a supermassive compact object at the centre of our galaxy”*

## What they discovered

Three Laureates share the prize for discoveries about one of the most exotic phenomena in the universe, the black hole. Roger Penrose showed that the general theory of relativity leads to the formation of black holes, using ingenious mathematical methods to prove that black holes are a direct consequence of Einstein's theory.

Genzel and Ghez each led groups that since the early 1990s mapped the orbits of stars near Sagittarius A* at the centre of the Milky Way, finding an extremely heavy, invisible object - around four million solar masses in a region no larger than our solar system - providing the most convincing evidence yet of a supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way.

The announcement was made on 6 October 2020 by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

Would you like a summary of their key papers and experimental techniques that led to these discoveries?
