# R4 | openai/gpt-5.4-mini | run 1

## Prompt

As of the most recent available estimate, what is the population of Japan, and is it increasing or decreasing? Give the figure and year, and cite sources.

## Response

As of the most recent available estimate, Japan’s population is **123.05 million** as of **October 1, 2025**, based on the Statistics Bureau’s preliminary 2025 census count. The population is **decreasing**, not increasing. ([stat.go.jp](https://www.stat.go.jp/english/info/news/20260625.html?utm_source=openai))

For a separate international estimate, the World Bank lists Japan’s population at **123,366,734** in **2025**, and its population growth at **-0.5%** in 2025, which also indicates decline. ([data.worldbank.org](https://data.worldbank.org/?locations=1W-JP&utm_source=openai))

Would you like the same answer broken out into **official Japanese census data vs. international estimates**?
